Digital marketing, from A to Z.

The vocabulary of creative, media and data, explained in plain language. No jargon left unexplained, no buzzword left standing.

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A/B Testing

Comparing two versions of an ad, page or email to learn which one actually performs better.

Ad Rank (Google Ads and Microsoft Ads)

The score that decides whether your search ad shows, and in which position, on Google and Microsoft.

Advanced Matching

Meta's way of sending hashed customer data with pixel events so more conversions match a real profile.

Agentic Advertising

The use of autonomous AI agents to handle repetitive advertising tasks so specialists can focus on strategy and creative.

Attribution

The method of deciding which touchpoints get credit for a conversion.

Audience Segmentation

Dividing a market into groups that share needs or behaviour, so message and media can match each group.

Benchmark

A reference point that tells you whether a result is good, bad or just average for your market.

Brand Awareness

The degree to which a market knows a brand exists and recalls it when a need appears.

Brand Lift

The measurable increase in awareness, consideration or preference that a campaign creates for a brand.

Brand Safety

Keeping a brand's ads out of contexts that would damage its reputation.

Community Management

Running a brand's social conversations so the audience stays engaged between campaigns.

Comparison Shopping Service (CSS)

A comparison shopping site allowed to place Shopping ads on Google in Europe, often at a lower cost.

Connected TV (CTV)

Television content streamed over the internet, bought and measured like digital media.

Conversion API (CAPI)

A server to server connection that sends conversion data to ad platforms when browser tracking cannot.

Conversion Tracking

The setup that records what people do after the click, from first visit to final sale.

Cost Per Acquisition (CPA)

What one new customer or conversion costs in media spend.

CPC

Cost per click, what you pay each time someone clicks an ad, the price of a visit rather than a view.

CPM

Cost per thousand impressions, the price of reach in an auction.

Creative Fatigue

The drop in performance when an audience has seen the same creative too many times.

CRM Integration

Connecting your CRM to ad platforms so campaigns optimise on real customers, not just clicks and forms.

CTR

Click through rate, the share of people who click after seeing an ad or result.

Customer Journey

The path a person travels from first hearing about a brand to buying and returning.

Demand Gen

A Google campaign type that creates demand across YouTube, Discover and Gmail instead of waiting for a search.

Display Advertising

Visual banner ads bought across websites and apps, mostly through programmatic channels.

DOOH

Digital out of home, screens in public spaces bought programmatically like any other digital channel.

Earned Media

Visibility a brand receives without paying for it: mentions, shares, reviews, press.

Engagement Rate

The share of an audience that interacts with a piece of content.

Enhanced Conversions

Sending hashed first party data with Google conversions to recover attribution browsers no longer pass.

FBCLID

Meta's click ID, added to every outbound ad link so the pixel can tie site visits back to the click.

First Party Data

Data a brand collects directly from its own audience, with consent, on its own channels.

Fragmentation

The hidden cost of splitting strategy, creative, media and data across separate agencies and tools.

Frequency

How many times the same person sees an ad within a period.

Full Funnel

A strategy that covers every stage of the journey, from first attention to final acquisition.

GA4

Google Analytics 4, the analytics platform that follows the journey from first session to final sale.

GCLID

The unique ID Google adds to each ad click so a later conversion can be traced back to its campaign.

Generative Engine Advertising (GEA)

Paid ads inside AI generated answers, on ChatGPT, Perplexity and Google's AI results

Generative Engine Optimization (GEO)

Optimising a brand's visibility in AI answers on ChatGPT, Perplexity and Google's AI results.

Geotargeting

Serving ads based on where people are: country, city, radius or place.

Google Merchant Center (GMC)

Google's hub for your product data, the account that feeds Shopping, Performance Max and free listings.

Google Tag Manager (GTM)

Google's free tool for deploying tracking tags on a site without touching the code each time.

Hook

The first seconds of a piece of content, where attention is won or lost.

Impression Share

The share of available impressions your ads actually captured.

Incrementality

The share of conversions that would not have happened without your campaign.

Influence Marketing

Working with creators to turn word of mouth into a predictable, scalable channel.

KPI

Key performance indicator, the number that tells you whether the work is working.

Landing Page

The page an ad click arrives on, where attention either converts or evaporates.

Last Click Attribution

An attribution model that gives all credit for a conversion to the final click before it.

Lookalike Audience

An audience of new people who statistically resemble your existing customers.

Media Mix Modelling (MMM)

A statistical method that measures each channel's real contribution to sales, beyond tracking and cookies.

Media Plan

The blueprint of where, when and how a budget buys attention across channels.

MER (Marketing Efficiency Ratio, blended ROAS)

Total revenue divided by total marketing spend, the one ratio that sees what channel ROAS cannot.

Nano and Micro Influencers

Creators with small, highly engaged audiences whose recommendations carry deep trust.

Native Advertising

Paid content that adopts the form and feel of the platform it appears on.

Omnichannel

One continuous brand experience across every channel, online and offline.

Organic Reach

The people your content reaches without paid amplification.

Out of Home (OOH)

Advertising in physical public space: billboards, transit, street furniture.

Page Feed

A list of your URLs and labels that tells Google which pages its automated ads may send people to.

Paid Social

Advertising on social platforms such as Meta, TikTok, Pinterest, Snapchat and LinkedIn.

Performance Max

Google's automated campaign type that buys across Search, YouTube, Display, Discover, Gmail and Maps from one campaign.

Pixel

A snippet of code that reports site behaviour back to an ad platform.

Placements

The specific spots where an ad can appear: feeds, stories, apps, sites, Youtube channel...

Product Feed

The structured file that tells Google, Meta and marketplaces what you sell, at what price, in stock or not.

Programmatic Advertising

Automated buying of digital ad space in real time, across display, video, audio, CTV and DOOH.

Quality Score

Google's rating of how relevant your ads, keywords and landing pages are.

Reach

The number of different people who saw a campaign at least once.

Retail Media

Advertising inside retailer platforms and marketplaces, close to the moment of purchase.

Retargeting

Advertising aimed at people who already visited or interacted with a brand.

ROAS

Return on ad spend, the revenue generated for every euro invested in advertising.

SEA

Search engine advertising, paid ads on Google and Bing that capture existing intent.

SEO

Search engine optimisation, earning visibility in organic results and, increasingly, in AI answers.

Server Side Tracking

Measurement that routes data through your own server instead of relying on the browser alone.

Share of Voice

Your brand's share of the category's total visibility and conversation.

Social Commerce

Selling directly inside social platforms, from discovery to checkout.

Social First Content

Content designed for the platform and feed it lives in, not adapted from elsewhere.

Targeting

Deciding who sees an ad, through data, context and creative.

Third Party Cookies

Cross site tracking cookies set by domains other than the one you are visiting, now fading away.

UGC

User generated content, real people creating content that feels native to the feed.

UTM

Tags added to a URL so analytics can see which campaign, channel and creative brought each visit.

Viewability

Whether an ad impression was actually on screen long enough to be seen.

Word of Mouth

Customers recommending a brand to each other, the oldest and most trusted channel.

Zero Party Data

Information customers share with a brand deliberately: preferences, intentions, needs.

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